复发性 怀孕 损失
Overview
复发性流产, 或RPL, is defined as three or more miscarriages before 20 weeks of pregnancy. The risk of a single miscarriage ranges from 15 percent to 50 percent or more per pregnancy, 这取决于女人的年龄.
About 1 percent of couples experience RPL, which is an emotionally challenging experience.
我们治疗复发性流产的方法
UCSF's reproductive endocrinologists specialize in helping women and couples with RPL. We provide thorough fertility evaluations to uncover the cause of RPL, 在可能的情况下, as well as proven approaches to preventing future miscarriages.
We recognize the emotional toll that RPL can take on our patients. 我们密切监测所有后续妊娠, providing care and support during what is often an anxiety-provoking time. Our team psychologist is available to provide additional support.
奖 & 识别
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是全国顶尖的十大赌博平台排行榜之一
原因
进行全面的生育能力评估, we are able to identify the cause of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in 50 percent of couples. 潜在的原因如下.
染色体造成
In approximately 4 percent of couples who experience RPL, one or both partners will have an abnormality of chromosome structure.
解剖异常
Abnormalities of the uterine cavity account for about 15 percent of RPL cases. Abnormalities may include a uterine septum (an abnormally-shaped cavity), 子宫内的疤痕组织, 息肉或 肌瘤.
免疫的原因
About 15 percent of couples with RPL have circulating antibodies that interfere with the proper function of the placenta, 支撑妊娠的组织. Blood tests can identify a set of these antibodies and, 如果发现, the diagnosis of anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) can be made.
凝血障碍(血栓症)
Some women with RPL have inherited disorders that make them more prone to clots in their blood vessels. The link between thrombophilas and miscarriage is strongest for women experiencing losses in the late first trimester or second trimester.
荷尔蒙的异常
无法控制的女性 糖尿病 and uncorrected thyroid gland dysfunction have a greater risk of miscarriage.
胎儿染色体异常
As many as 70 percent of all miscarriages are due to abnormalities of the number of chromosomes in the fetus. Although this problem gets more common as women age, it occurs across all age groups. This type of miscarriage is often referred to as "random miscarriage."
原因不明的RPL
As many as 50 percent of RPL cases have no identified cause. 原因不明的RPL can be very frustrating for couples. 然而, many studies have found that with continued attempts at conception and no additional interventions, the chances for a future live birth remain quite good for couples with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. 取决于年龄, these couples' chances for a live birth in future pregnancies range from 50 percent to 80 percent.
治疗
The treatment for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) depends on what's causing the condition.
染色体造成
In cases where an abnormality of chromosome structure is causing RPL, one possible therapy is 体外受精(IVF), with biopsy and chromosomal evaluation of each embryo, called 胚胎植入前遗传学诊断.
解剖异常
诊断测试，例如 子宫输卵管造影, saline sonohysterograms and hysteroscopy (an endoscopic inspection of the uterus) can be used to evaluate the uterine cavity. Many abnormalities within the uterine cavity can be corrected with minor surgery.
免疫的原因
Anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) has been shown to respond to treatment with blood thinning medications.
凝血障碍(血栓症)
目前, there is no evidence that blood thinning medications can prevent miscarriage, 尽管研究还在进行中.
荷尔蒙的异常
In cases of uncontrolled 糖尿病 or thyroid gland dysfunction, 建议纠正荷尔蒙失衡.
未经证实的测试和治疗
在寻找RPL的解决方案, several tests and therapies have been used that are not proven to be helpful. 这些包括:
- 母体抗体直接对抗父亲细胞
- Chemicals toxic to embryo development (embryotoxic factors)
- 静脉注射免疫球蛋白
- 白细胞免疫
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.
